Definite Fate in Ancient Greece Essays

Definite Fate in Ancient Greece Essays Definite Fate in Ancient Greece Paper Definite Fate in Ancient Greece Paper Fate has been an important concept that determines the lives of the people of Ancient Greece. During this time, it was widely believed that there was no escaping fate. Although, this knowledge is widespread and understood by many during this time, in stories such as the legend of Perseus, Homer’s the Iliad and Oedipus at Colonus it is shown that some characters would go to great lengths to alter their fate, even though they know such an aim is futile. At most, the interactions these characters have with the gods of this time allow for their pending fate to be prolonged. In all, fate in Ancient Greece is a phenomenon that cannot be escaped but through interaction and maybe relationship with the Greek gods, their fates may be extended. Ancient Greek’s believed that a person’s fate cannot be changed; regardless of the attempts made to try and change one’s fate. However, the outcome seems to return to the predestined fate that had been laid out beforehand. This is true for the case of Perseus. In the story, the oracle at Delphi prophesies and tells Akrisios, which is the father of Danae and grandfather of Perseus, that he will never have a son. And that his daughter’s son will kill him. Immediately, Akrisios makes an attempt to prevent this fate from happening. Fearing that the gods may kill him if he were to slay Danae, he â€Å"built a brazen chamber underground and there guarded Danae† (Lopez-Ruiz, 255). In order for Akrisios to not fall under his predestined fate he makes an attempt to change it by making sure his daughter does not get pregnant. Despite the widely accepted view of unchanging fate, he still makes the attempt. Later on in the story due to Zeus impregnating Danae the prophecy comes to fruition due to a god’s involvement. It was in an event that Perseus partook in that he mistakenly killed his father, â€Å"But in throwing in the quoit he struck Akrisios on the foot and killed him instantly† (Lopez-Ruiz, 256). In regards to unchanging fate, it is shown clearly that fate cannot be altered. Given the example of Akrisios, no matter what he tried his efforts were futile in deterring and inevitably stopping the outcome of the fate he was already predestined. In the ancient Greek world people accepted fate as an unchanging and predestined occurrence. Regardless of the choices a person makes during those times a person’s fate would not be altered. The outcome remains the same no matter the case or experience that the person goes through. In accordance with the previous statements, even though fate is an unchanging phenomenon in the ancient world, it is through divine intervention that we see some heroes have a sort of extension or prolongation to their predetermined fate. The gods seem to play a key role during the span of a person’s life up to the time they reach the â€Å"fate† that they are destined to achieve. The gods tend to act as intermediaries between fate and the people. Meaning, their underlying role is to have the peoples fate go through as predetermined but in ways that suit their views. They can choose the life the person is to live and hardships but the fate of the person is forever unchanged. For example, in Homer’s the Iliad, Zeus proclaims, â€Å"Ah me, that it is destined that the dearest of men, Sarpedon, must go down under the hands of Menoitios son Patroclus. The heart in my breast is balanced between two ways as I ponder, whether I should snatch him out of the sorrowful battle and set him down still alive in the rich country of Lykia, or beat him under at the hands of the son of Menoitios† (Book 16, lines 433-438). This may seem to be the opposite of the definition of fate by Zeus attempting to aid Sarpedon, however Zeus is thinking about whether or not he should save Sarpedon from death, and knowingly by doing this Zeus will be aiding in Sarpedon conquering his fate and staying alive. In the end, Zeus does not save Sarpedon and he dies. The importance of this shows the proof that regardless of intervention by the gods they only act as intermediaries of the fate of the Greek people. Zeus’ options were to intervene or not to. And Zeus chose not to, meaning that fate was already in play when he made his decision. Sarpedon was destined to die, and as fate would have it, he did die. As stated, the gods are important and act as the underlying factors between a persons predestined fate. This in turn shows that fate is not even controlled by the powerful gods of Greek times but by its own natural phenomenon. And that a persons defined fate is unchanging. The ancient Greeks acknowledged the fact that fate has its own sense of reality outside the individual and spiritual that shapes and determines human life. Ancient Greeks, portrayed fate as a horrifying and indomitable force. They believed fate was the call of action of the gods - an unopposable reality that the oracle at Delphi revealed to many. Oedipus, in Oedipus at Colonus deliberates multiple times over fate, before being granted a blessing to Oedipus. â€Å"When He pronounced those many evils to me / He also said that, after a long time, this should be a resting place / That I would come to a final country, where I should find / A seat of the solemn gods and a refuge for strangers† (Oedipus at Colonus, lines 87-90). This is the oracle’s prophesied fate of Oedipus, saying that he will go through many trials and hardships but that he would also arrive to a resting place. Oedipus accepts this because he believes it’s his fate, and the hope of the refuge gives him strength through the hardships. Just like popular belief in ancient Greek culture, accepting one’s fate is the norm because fate is law and unchangeable. Throughout this analysis, it is explicitly sighted that fate is an important concept towards Greek mythology. It is understood through Homer’s writings and other writers of the time that fate is a set and decided phenomenon that is unchangeable throughout the course of their lifetime. A god’s intervention has no effect on a person’s fate but tend to be the subject that runs the course of that fate. The Greek gods are the ones that hold the in-between outcome of each person’s fate. No matter what the circumstance is, fate is predetermined and will produce an outcome regardless. In all, neither gods nor humans can do anything to alter a person’s fate. People cannot try and alter their fate because in the end it returns to the same outcome and god’s are only able to prolong, aid, and ultimately lead to the finality of that person’s fate.

Life Cycle of Fireflies and Lightning Bugs

Life Cycle of Fireflies and Lightning Bugs Fireflies, also known as lightning bugs, are part of the beetle family (Lampyridae),  in the order Coleoptera. There are about 2,000 species of fireflies worldwide, with over 150 species in the U.S. and Canada.   Like all beetles, fireflies undergo complete metamorphosis with four stages in their life cycle: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Egg (Embryonic Stage) The firefly life cycle begins with an egg. In mid-summer, mated females will deposit about 100 spherical eggs, singly or in clusters, in the soil or near the soil surface. Fireflies prefer moist soils, and will often choose to place their eggs under mulch or leaf litter, where the soil is less likely to dry out. Some fireflies will deposit eggs on vegetation rather than directly in the soil. Firefly eggs usually hatch in 3-4 weeks. The eggs of some lightning bugs are bioluminescent, and you may see them glowing dimly if youre lucky enough to find them in the soil. Larva (Larval Stage) As with many beetles, lightning bug larvae look somewhat worm-like. The dorsal segments are flattened and extend to the back and sides, like overlapping plates. Firefly larvae produce light and are sometimes called glowworms. Firefly larvae usually live in the soil. At night, they hunt slugs, snails, worms, and other insects. When it captures prey, the larva will inject its unfortunate victim with digestive enzymes to immobilize it and liquefy its remains. Larvae emerge from their eggs in late summer and live through the winter before pupating in the spring. In some species, the larval stage lasts well over a year, with the larvae living through two winters before pupating. As it grows, the larva will repeatedly molt to shed its exoskeleton, replacing it with a larger cuticle each time. Just before pupating, the firefly larva measures about  ¾ in length. Pupa (Pupal Stage) When the larva is ready to pupate, usually in late spring, it constructs a mud chamber in the soil and settles inside it. In some species, the larva attaches itself to a trees bark, hanging upside down by the hind end, and pupates while suspended (similar to a caterpillar). Regardless of which position the larva assumes for pupation, a remarkable transformation takes place during the pupal stage. In a process called histolysis, the larvas body is broken down, and special groups of transformative cells are activated. These cell groups, called histoblasts, trigger biochemical processes that transform the insect from a larva into its adult form. When the metamorphosis is complete, the adult firefly is ready to emerge, usually about 10 days to several weeks after pupation. Adult (Imaginal Stage) When the adult firefly finally emerges, it has only one real purpose, to reproduce. Fireflies flash to find a mate, using a species-specific pattern to locate compatible individuals of the opposite sex. Typically, the male flies low to the ground, flashing a signal with the light organ on his abdomen, and a female resting on vegetation returns his communiquà ©. By repeating this exchange, the male homes in on her, and the rest of the story is happily ever after. Not all fireflies feed as adults- some simply mate, produce offspring, and die. But when adults do feed, they are usually predacious and hunt other insects. Female fireflies sometimes use a bit of trickery to lure males of other species closer  and then eat them. Not much is known about firefly eating habits, however, and it is thought that some fireflies may feed on pollen or nectar. In some species, the female adult firefly is flightless. She may resemble a firefly larva but have large, compound eyes. And some fireflies dont produce light at all. For example, in the U.S., species found west of Kansas dont glow.

Personal Statement of Project Management Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Of Project Management - Personal Statement Example The course is suitable for individuals, who are from various employment backgrounds and have the ability, skills and knowledge to become a project manager. In this course I will get to understand the techniques and processes that are linked with project management. The process includes management of cost, time, quality, communication, risk and human resources. I will also get to understand the procurement process of the resources that are required for the completion of the project. The program also aims at training the individuals to lead a team and impart motivation skills (Northeastern University, 2013). Presently, responsibilities of project managers have increased over the years with the increase in number of failed projects. The failure or success company projects are dependent on the abilities and skills of the project managers. Products and services of a company needs get launched in the market in a particular period of time. If there is delay in the procurement process of raw materials then the launch of the products is hold back simultaneously. This delay in procurement process can be rectified by an efficient project by contacting a good supplier and convince them to supply the raw materials within a specified time so that the manufacturing process of the products are not hampered. Hence, in order to avoid disturbance in the manufacturing process companies needs to hire skilled project managers, who can effectively manage each step of the project (Northeastern University, 2013). The role of project managers is very challenging as the success or failure of projects is dependent on them. Appropriate sets of skill are required delivering vital projects on time within a particular budget. The project manager has to lead a large team where the team members have different though process and behavior; he has to lead and motivate them to do specific works for the successful completion of projects. The

Migration from Dominican Republic to Puerto Rico in the 80's Essay

Migration from Dominican Republic to Puerto Rico in the 80's - Essay Example The journey of the Dominican Republic was not an easy one but the fact remains that they were able to reach their destination using some boats by the name â€Å"Yolas†. This essay aims to discuss the Dominican Republics migration to Puerto Rico in the 80’s. (Ferguson and James) To start with, history has it that there is a close link between Dominican Republic and the Puerto Rico since the pre-Columbian times. This happened when the Arawak people who originated from the Amazon basin of South America came and settled in both territories. The fifteenth and the sixteenth century mark the starting point of the problems in the Dominican Republic when Spain conquered Dominican Republic as well as the Puerto Rico. Spain remained in control until the 19th century and during this time there was a gradual constant flow of people in both directions. The bureaucrats, soldiers, clerics, professionals, students, artisans and slaves were flowing to both directions. Precisely, there we re many exiles that moved from the Hispaniola Island of Puerto Rico in 19th century; this was due to political upheavals. (Falcon and Douglas) The political upheavals comprises of Spain cession of the Island to France, Haitian occupation of Santo Domingo and the Haitian Revolution of the 1804’s. ... a result of development swift when the Dominican sugar industry moved to the eastern province of San Pedro de Macoris, La Romana and Puerto Plata which attracted so many interested workers form the Caribbean island as well as Puerto Rico. (Bulmer) From this time the historians continued to document the growing number of the people from Puerto Rico in the Dominican Republic and especially in the 20th century. For instance the census done in Dominican showed that there were six thousand and d sixty nine Puerto Ricans living in the Dominican Republic. The religious affinities, linguistic and cultural likeness made the Dominicans and the Puerto Ricans to intermarry which made their second generation not to term themselves as the Puerto Rican but Dominican. However, the period between 1930 and the 1960 had a very minute number of Puerto Ricans migrating to the Dominican Republic and very few Dominicans migrated to Puerto Rico. In 1940 there was a drastic stop of Puerto Rican to the Domini can Republic. Similarly, there was a strict control coming from the Trujillo regime which made it very hard for the Dominicans to travel and only professionals, entrepreneurs and political exiles were able to move and settle in Puerto Rico. Nevertheless, after the death of Trujillo in 1961, there was a large-scale migration from the Dominican Republic to the Puerto Rico. Research shows that there was a dramatic growth of the Dominican population in Puerto Rico. (Moya and pons) There were two major factors that contributed to the migration of the Dominican Republic especially in the 80s. These comprises of political and economic factors. Firstly, the political factors largely contributed to the Dominicans migration. (Ferguson and James) For example, the earliest migrates were linked to the

Information Management and Design - Critical Thinking Mod 4 Essay

Information Management and Design - Critical Thinking Mod 4 - Essay Example This will help in knowing the number of CDs that move fast thus enabling the shop owner to diversify into such product codes, hence enabling a clear focus and indication of the products that are in store or out of the store. It should put into consideration the programs that are able to have predetermined weekly forecasts all through the levels of operations of the shop (Wierenga, 2008). When this is done the shop owner is able to have an automatic manipulation of the prices of the CDs in stocking thus factoring in those that sale slow without losing profitability. This system should also take into consideration the ability to set prices in an interactive way that enables better displays thus promoting wholesale practices, this is able to factor all the CDs that are on display without any kind of discrimination in quality versus prices. The prices should be designed in a way that they are grouped as per the code classifications of the products, there may be some CDs that may not sell that first, it is therefore important to put them in that category of CDs that sell fast and code them the same. This kind of system design is able to promote profitability and the movement of the stock (Wierenga, 2008). While designing the system it is also important to put into consideration the promotional calendars that are geared into performing multiple weekly operations rather than single weekly price settings. This should set values for seasonal promotions where certain types of CDs sell at high levels hence the system designs should be able to take into account the promotional activities from the manufacturers to the shop retail levels. The system should be designed in a way that it is able to capture the prices from the competitor’s level in an incomplete way so as to help in designing competitive prices for the products that are able to sell faster and those that sell slower (Burstein, 2008). This kind of system design should be able to find a way of coordinating all the CDs and their categories while in the stores. This system should factor a better way of finding correct method of coding the prices according to the market trends which helps in achieving consistent images across the categories of the CD products in the store. The system should be able to capture all the information from many sources and integrate them together in a compatible format so that the inventory systems can be integrated with pricing systems (Burstein, 2008). The design should be able to help the shop owner in scaling the CDs into one category or more categories so as to help in promoting sales equally regardless of whether the CD is of inferior or superior qualities. While doing all these, the system should also be designed in a way that it gives prices recommendations in a strategic way that all the products are sold in a strategic way and this should be able to warn and discard bad pricing strategies. All these system designs should factor in better ways of easi er data accessibility for better reporting and decision making in knowing the best products in and out of store. When the data is easily accessed, there is a greater possibility of consolidating the data set that can be used in getting better analysis of the CDs according to their clientele suitability and prices. The system shou

Foreign Direct Investment On Host Country Economies

Foreign Direct Investment On Host Country Economies Globalization has changed companies international activities over the year all over the world for well developed and developing countries (Stefanini2006). Globalization; countries worldwide dissemination of the material and spiritual values are considered as beyond national borders, among countries in the economic, political and cultural values, variable gain, resolution of ideological distinctions based on the polarization of different cultural values, beliefs and expectations and better recognition of the intensification of these relations, as well as homogeneity of the differences reached a development that would be correct. Another way, globalization of economic, political, social and cultural fields, some common values beyond the local and national boundaries are defined as the spread around the world. Globalization has been seen important improvement around the world countries and economies, creating greater unity in international business and finance and rapidly accelerating the integration of developing countries into the global economy. Wit and Meyer(2005) suggested that in analysis of globalization has crucial importance which are Globalization of companies, businesses and economies. However, these trends have not in any sense been universally positive for all the countries. There are many reasons that globalization has negative impacts to different countries well developed countries have seen benefit of globalization while poor and developing countries and economies have been faced negative effect of globalization. The globalization is not just expand to investment to other countries because it is effected the host countries economical social existing and future condition such as employment rate, GDP, increase technological skills and integration and cross border cooperation. Emerging and developing countries try to attract to invest foreign investment with such as new regulations, law, reduce to borders to have global competitive advantage to attract business firms because one of the most crucial issue of development is the investment for the countries. It is not always to possible to cover all needed investment by internal resources. The process of globalization, particularly foreign capital flows to developing countries is of great importance for the development and to attract and growth foreign investment is a great change to host countries especially in the developing countries. The multinational companies have reached significant transnational trade helping by improvement of services, technologies. Foreign direct investment (FDI) decision of the firms is one of the crucial issues in term of the host country such as the market and political situation and certainty, benefits and alternatives shapes the entre strategies. Foreign Direct Investment Definition of Foreign Direct Investment FDI can be descried that activities of a business of beyond the borders of the home country and the manufacturing plant to establish of existing production facilities by increasing its capital to a subsidiary of a FDI in the different country. In the worldwide perception, foreign direct investment (FDI) is delicate to economic situation of the countries. Allen and Edward (2008) mentioned that the inadequacy of data for surveillance remains an issue in many countries. FDI growth factors demand less of the monitoring and compliances to lure the investment leading to more exposure. It was reported by The World Bank (Investing Across Borders 2010) that in 1970 global FDI total $13.3 billion and in 2007 it was $1.9 trillion however in 2009 the economic rescission affected all type business trade and FDI in developed countries dropped 41% contrast in developing countries it was 35%. There is many benefits and disadvantages of FDI in the host countries. Business firms has facilitated many new jobs, develop the skills, new technologies on the other hand impact of FDI is not always positive for example competition with local business, environmental labour right issues, undermining local government(Navaretti and Venables 2004) Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) influences the economic performance and is given various advantages to firm thus reach cheap raw materials and natural resources in different geographies, cheap cost of manufacturing process, weak labour and health safety regulations, less taxing. FDI decision is one of the most important issues companies need to carefully reviews the conditions of the host country, in line with the market situation in which competing firms choose the way of investment. There is factors directly affecting foreign direct investment (FDI) desions such as political balance, low rates, indused policies. According to Sun(2009) linkages between domestic and foreign firms can also affect the export performance of domestic firms, which provides yet another explanation for increased competition for FDI among host country governments. There are two basic understanding of the effect of FDI, one of them is considered that this effect is positive and other second believe refused it however spillover effect is still important matter for these two sides. (Aitken and Harrison 1999) Navaretti and Venables (2006) mentioned the FDI effect host and home countries in variety of ways and it can be structured in three way firstly product market effects these are the quantity and quality of home and host country and also competitive conditions of multinational and local companies. Secondly factors market effects can be expand as capital and labour and thirdly spillover which is effects of technological improvement in host country. FDI Theories Vernon (1966) as cited by Bora (2002) examined Product life cycle model seeks to bridge international trade theory and individual firm`s perspective of investment in product development and mentioned that there different level in the product life cycle in different multinational companies. The theory basically concerned that foreign direct investment (FDI) is major way to transfer new innovations and technology and assume three level of product life cycles. Caves(1971) as cited by Jones and Wren(2006) studied Hymer`s theory and linked Hymer`s theory of international production to the then current theories of industrial organization on horizontal which is firm`s product in foreign market and vertical integration which is different stage of production. Dunning (1997) developed OLI(ownership, location initials of internationalization) theory also known as eclectic theory. According to the eclectic theory multinational companies invest and acts to advantages of ownership advantages, location advantages, and internationalization advantages. Domestic and foreign companies can achieve competitive advantage in markets that are closely related to benefits. Foreign direct investment (FDI) studies regarded to positive effect of employment in host countries and emerge of economy. Chen (2000) mentioned that foreign direct investment(FDI) helps to improve knowledge skills and assistance to progress new technologies and adaptation to new ideas marketing and business strategies and also make attractive to other investors in host country. Foreign Direct Investment in China China`s historical changes is an important example to progression communism and imperialism systems. Chinese communists have transformed their socialist ideology into a new national project that de ¬Ã‚ nes modernisation in globalist terms.(Harris 2005) Zhilong(2002) mentioned that China began to implement the opening-up policy and actively utilise foreign direct investment (FDI) after Deng Xiaoping had come into power, which means that China did not open its domestic market until the early eighties. During the three decades from 1949 to 1979, China absolutely forbade foreign investments and hardly took foreign loans. Since agreement to the WTO in 2001 FDI growth dramatically and China has become biggest FDI share comparing in developing countries according to WTO(2008) China has become the world`s third largest trader and manufacturer. WTO(2009), export of Chinese goods has determined that the first order and export of commercial services ranked Fifth in the world also China has become one of the largest importer in the world. One of the most well developed country Germany has ranked second in export of merchandise and export of commercial services was third. This report shows that Brazil and India other most emerging countries in FDI. Euromonitor (2010) indicates that China`s export were valued Chinas exports were esteemed at US$119.9 billion in April 2010, up by 30.5% year-on-year and increase 24% than last year. The reason of increase of export was mainly growing machinery and electronics sales to USA, the EU and Japan. In addition in April 2010, imports went up 49.7% year-on-year to US$118.2 billion however The annual expansion in imports slowed compared to March 2010, when imports increased by a robust rate of 66.2% year-on-year to US$119.4 billion. In April 2010, China, open 7.2 billion U.S. dollars recorded in the previous month, according to the first time since 2004, recorded a trade surplus of $ 1,700,000,000. However, compared with a year ago, Chinas trade surplus shrank 87.0% in April of 2010. Muyuan(2011) argued that after earthquake in Japan there will be negative impact of FDI in China because Japan is the second foreign direct investment(FDI) country in China after Hong Kong. Japan FDI was $4.1 billion in 2010 and this figure corresponds to 3.9% of FDI in China. However China`s economic growth is not just depend on FDI there is significant foreign exchange reserves and surplus even though it was believed that there will be long term impact of Japan FDI rise of economic growth in China. The massive expansion of the Chinese economy growth can be described as a miracle comparing the improvement global export and has become an economic power in the world. Chinese companies ranked top list of leading global business firm over the years. Since economic development people lifestyle, consumer behaviour has changed in China. There is huge movement to rural area to big cities even though largest population still remains in the rural areas. There is different studies have defined FDI in different ways for instance according to Chen(2000) foreign direct investment defined as investment in which a firm acquires a substantial controlling interest in a foreign firm or sets up a subsidiary in a foreign firm or sets up subsidiary in a foreign country and also is one of the strategy to getting multinational. There is different ways to invest other countries such as licensing, franchising, joint venture, exporting, greenfield investment, merger and acquisitions. Foreign Direct Investment in Brazil FDI has crucial role in progress and improvement of Brazil economy and being attracted by many multinational firms. Over these progresses Government policies has been changed to make suitable to invest by firms. Euromonitor(2010) confirmed that Brazil has second foreign direct investment(FDI) inflow in the world. According to the central bank foreign direct investment in Brazil (2009) totalled $25.9 billon. The impact of FDI on Brazilian economy has been helped a number of ways for instance improvement policies, economical situation, political stability and increasing the countries reputation over the years. The growth of FDI has changed and increased productivity level, competitiveness and become more ease up since 1990s in Brazil. The spillover effect influence existing market and productivity of other firms also and it is more likely that products becomes cheaper The foreign investors create outflow of personnel, management styles from the foreign firms to host companies. Moran(2004) mentioned that Citibank`s training program influend the financial sector and become a leading example to train their own employees in Brazil. FDI is not effect employment level also it may affect technological improvements which is called spillover effect which is transferred by firms and effect productivity, effiency and econimal growth.(Jones and Wren 2006) The growth of FDI has changed and increased productivity level, competitiveness and become more ease up since 1990s in Brazil. Conclusion This essay aims to give an overview of foreign direct investment with main theories and examples from variety of countries. Activities of multinational companies effect in both home and host countries in the global world and also these activities have some advantages impact in short and long term prospects and significant effects on both sides. Over the past decades emerging countries have changed and improved existing economical and political situations to attract by and become very attractive for FDI and gain competitive advantages especially such countries China, India and Brazil become major host countries for international companies. Foreign direct investment has been effected economy, investment trade ,structure, envoriment and labour in host countries.

Inventory of the lost :: essays research papers

An inventory of the lost Suppose your father was working high in the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001. You have been told by authorities in New York City what intuition told you as you watched the two towers collapse: Your father is dead. Yet that conclusion is a municipal bureaucracy's intuition, no more certifiable than your own. Your father's remains have not been found. He is presumed to have been killed largely because, first, he could not possibly have survived and, second, he has not been seen since. So your grief is compounded by a question as illogical as it is impossible for you to shake: What if, somehow, he escaped? What if, in some perhaps tragicomic way that screenwriters might never imagine, he managed to get out alive? This sort of bizarre ending doesn't often happen in real life, of course. Extremely rare is the victim of war, or of violence, or of some other tragedy, whose remains are never found and identified. If survivors of those victims get the terrible pain of loss, they invariably get proof that the victim is, irrefutably, deceased. Not so, though, for many survivors of the 2,792 people killed at the World Trade Center. Working with body parts retrieved from mountains of rubble, the office of New York City's medical examiner has confirmed the identities of 1,518 of those World Trade Center victims. But scientific tests have failed to link any of the body parts to the more than 1,200 other victims. The majority of those body parts exhumed from the debris - 12,000 of almost 20,000 fragments - are a tragic inventory of the lost. Efforts to match them to known DNA samples provided by the families of victims - strands of hair lifted from combs left at home, for example - have failed, often because the retrieved body fragments were so badly incinerated, crushed or deteriorated that their DNA was unknowable. Unknowable, that is, using today's DNA technologies. Faith in future technologies has led to a remarkably smart way of dealing with all those still unidentified body parts. They are being dried, individually vacuum sealed and packaged for a time when new means of identifying human tissue may tie them to specific victims. Under a protocol developed by city officials working with representatives of victims' families, the remains will be interred in a memorial at the site of the twin towers.